warren township high school district 121 niche

dublinensis, lausannensis, and lactaridi (biogroups 12, Cdubdub, 10, Cdublau and 6, Cdublact, respectively) and C. malonaticus (Cmal, biogroups 5, 9, and 14), C. Originally, the genus contained six recognized species, C. , using a polyphasic approach based on extensive genotypic and phenotypic criteria, reclassified strains of this diverse species within the novel genus, Cronobacter. sakazakii was synonymous with the original single species epithet, Iversen et al. , using DNA-DNA hybridization studies and phenotyping to reclassify a group of yellow-pigmented Enterobacter cloacae isolates attributed to cases of neonatal meningitis into 15 phenotypically distinct biogroups. sakazakii was first described by Farmer et al. While several genetic determinants for plant-association and human virulence could be found in the core genome of Cronobacter, the four Cdub-Cmuy clade genomes contained several accessory genomic regions important for survival in a plant-associated environmental niche, while the Csak-Cmal-Cuni-Ctur clade genomes harbored numerous virulence-related genetic traits.Ĭronobacter is a newly described genus that includes opportunistic pathogens formerly classified as Enterobacter sakazakii. turicensis, (Csak-Cmal-Cuni-Ctur) from the most recent common ancestral species. muytjensii (Cdub-Cmuy) and the other comprised of C. ConclusionsĬronobacter have diverged into two clusters, one consisting of C. Most notable among these were several type six secretion system gene clusters, transposons that carried tellurium, copper and/or silver resistance genes, and a novel integrative conjugative element. Many potentially horizontally transferred genes, such as lysogenic prophages, were also identified. We identified 84 genomic regions that are present in two or more Cronobacter genomes, along with 45 unique genomic regions. We identified and characterized the features associated with the core and pan genome of the genus Cronobacter in an attempt to understand the evolution of these bacteria and the genetic content of each species. In this study, we performed comparative genomics on eight strains of Cronobacter, including six that we sequenced (representing six of the seven species) and two previously published, closed genomes. Seven species have been described and two of the species genomes were subsequently published. Members of the genus Cronobacter are causes of rare but severe illness in neonates and preterm infants following the ingestion of contaminated infant formula.

Warren township high school district 121 niche